Eighty cases of esophageal carcinoma (EC) and para-cancerous mucosa of resection specimens were selected from our surgical pathology laboratory in 1990-1992. The slides were 5 ~tm thick, HE and S-P immunohistochemistry were performed. The fast antibody mouse anti-EBV membrane protein (LMP-1) and the S-P kit (mouse) were purchased from MaXim Co. Positive control: Vesicular- nuclear type of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with EBV LMP-1 positive; negative control: normal mouse serum and PBS instead of 1st antibody; DAB visualization, hematoxylin counterstain, light microscopy. The positive cases were re-stained with positive control to confirm the positivity.